The Exam will be a combination of material you would have learned from paying attention to class lessons, demonstrations, taking notes, and watching videos.
Quarter 2 Notes and Midterm Study Guide 2016-2017
You have made flash cards in class from which you can study most of these words. Remember, Elements of Art are just that-basic parts. Principles of Design are how the elements or parts are used. For example color is an element of an artwork, and the color may used in a repetitious way, repetion is a principle of design.
Color Vocabulary: Primary colors: colors from which all other colors are made: red, blue, and yellow Secondary colors: colors that are created from equal amounts of a pair of primary colors: yellow+blue=green, red+yellow=orange, blue+red=violet Tertiary colors: colors made from a pair of primary and secondary colors, they are: red-violet, blue-violet, blue-green, yellow-green, yellow-orange, red-orange Analogous colors: three consecutive colors on the color wheel Complementary colors: the colors opposite on the color wheel: red & green, blue & orange, yellow & violet Tint: a color plus white Shade: a color plus black Tone: a color plus gray Monochromatic: a color and tints and shades of it Neutral: neutrals are brown, grays, black: created by mixing two complementary colors (usually a gray-brown), or all 3 primary colors.
Words you should know: Abstract; means to simplify an image so it only symbolically represents the image, it also could mean to rearrange or distort an image; it also has come to mean a non-representational form of art which was never meant to represent something. Analysis; is done in art criticism or critique, it's the step in which you determine how the Principles of Art are used to organize the elements of art. When you make art, you are really just arranging simple elements. art critique; is An organized approach for objectively studying a work of art consisting of four stages: description, analysis, interpretation and judgment. Balance; is A Principle of art that is concerned with the sense of stability of the visual elements. There are three types of balance: symmetrical, asymmetrical and radial. Color; is A visual element that refers to what the eyes see when light is reflected off an object. Hue, value and intensity are three properties of color. color wheel; An artists tool of the color spectrum bent into a circle displaying primary, secondary and intermediate/tertiary colors and useful in organizing color schemes. Composition is An arrangement of the visual elements in an artwork often used to refer to a work of art itself. Contrast is A principle of art that uses the differences between the visual elements to create variety, emphasis or interest. Contrast in value is the difference between light and dark. Contrast is created by using opposites near or beside one another… Contrast attracts attention. People sense that areas of difference are more important than areas of sameness. Contrast also helps us distinguish figure from ground. It helps us recognize shapes and textures and patterns. It makes some elements more prominent than others Composition - The arrangement of the Elements of Art (lines, colors, shapes, form, space, texture) The movement of our eyes through a composition are not random. We look for desired information and our attention is pulled to specific elements with features prominently emphasized. We quickly skip over what's irrelevant looking for meaning in what we focus on. Contour Drawing - Contour drawing shows the outline of the subject. Balance: is a sense of stability in the body of work. Balance can be created by repeating same shapes and by creating a feeling of equal weight. Creativity - Using imagination rather than imitating something else. Generation of ideas, images and/or solutions. Elements of Art (or elements of Design)- The components (PARTS OF) a work of art: line, shape, value, texture, color, form, space, and time. Emphasis - A principle of art that stresses one element of art, defines a center of interest, or draws attention to certain areas within a work of art. Emphasis is to make one part of an artwork dominant over the other parts. Fine Arts - Traditional art forms, such as drawing, painting, printmaking, sculpture, ceramics, fibers, jewelry, and photography. This term is often used to refer, as a group, to dance, music, theatre, and the visual arts (our art class is visual art) Form - The visual element that is three-dimensional; having height, width and depth. Harmony- The related qualities of the visual elements of a composition. Harmony is achieved by repetition of characteristics that are the same or similar. Hue - Hue is another word for color, which describes colors by name, i.e. red, blue, yellow etc Horizontal - lines run left to right such as === Vertical - lines run up and down such as ||||| Diagonal - lines are slanting lines such as \\\\\ or //// Line -A visual element that is the path of a moving point through space. It has the properties of direction, width and length (of course no depth at all so it's not considered 3d!) medium (media) The materials used to create a work of art. Movement A principle of art used to guide a viewer's eye throughout the work; adds excitement to your work by showing action and directing the viewers eye throughout the picture plane. negative space Spaces surrounding shapes or forms in two- and three-dimensional art. Pattern Repetition of elements or motif. Positive space Shapes or forms in two-dimensional and three-dimensional art. Principles of Design Refers to the ways artists organize the visual elements of art: generally found to include balance, emphasis, contrast, unity, movement and rhythm. May also include: proportion, scale, repetition, pattern, and variety. Repetition An art element repeated over and over that can produce visual rhythm. Rhythm -A principle of art in which the appearance of movement is created by the recurrence of elements; indicating movement by the repetition of elements. Shade - Using a mixture of black mixed with a color to make it darker. The opposite of shade is tint. Shape -The visual element that has two-dimensions: height and width. A space with a defined or implied boundary. Two basic groups: geometric and organic. Space -The visual element that refers to the area between, around, above, below and within objects. Symbol -A visual image that represents something other than itself. Technique -Specific methods or approaches when working with materials in creating works of art. Texture -The visual element that refers to the way something feels or looks like it feels and can be actual or implied. Unity -A principle of art that is concerned with the sense of wholeness or completeness. Value -The visual element that refers to lightness and darkness. Variety -A principle of art through which different elements are used to add visual interest.
DIRECTING THE VIEWERS EYES TO WHERE YOU WANT THEM TO GO: How much control do you have when it comes to directing the viewer's eye in your artwork? We can use position, emphasis, movement, eye gaze, and other visual cues to help the eye find its way through a composition. Because the eye is always moving and fixating we can help guide people through a composition by directing where the eye should look next. Eye Gaze…Our brains are wired to detect and recognize human faces. In compositions we're drawn to pictures of people and even more we notice their eyes specifically. We automatically move our eyes in the direction we see someone else looking. It's most likely a survival mechanism and it occurs in all people. Infants as young as three months old will follow the eye gaze of those around them. Whether it's innate or learned, eye gaze leads to joint attention. If you want someone to look in a specific direction in your design, you can place a human face looking in that direction. Color is another cue that can be used to attract attention and direct the eye. Contrasting color acts as a signal for the eye to move. It's one of the primitive features and it can play a large role in guiding the eye.
ABOUT LINES... VERY IMPORTANT... Lines can describe an object like words but with marks: A continuous mark made on a surface by a moving point; it may be flat (pencil line) or three-dimensional (a rod, groove, ridge, etc.) Line may be explicit - a line painted along the edge of the road - or implied by the edge of a shape or form. Lines are used to outline (diagrammatic or contour lines), create shading and show form (structural lines, hatching and cross-hatching), decorate, express emotion, and direct the viewer's eye. Lines can be categorized as horizontal, vertical, diagonal, curved, and zigzag.
Lines can be hard, sharp, straight, geometric; they can be organic, smooth, soft, flowing, loopy, wavy.
Lines can remain a constant thickness (descriptive, analytical, objective, showing little of the action used to create them) or vary in thickness along their length (flowing, calligraphic, lyrical, showing emphasis and something of the gesture used to make them).
Expressive, gestural lines shout the force, speed and emotion put into their making. They swoop, slash, scar, skip, skid, stutter, sing, whisper, drip, bleed, splash across the surface. Lines that are sketchy and unsure express uncertainty and weakness, and are generally less pleasing. More confident lines left to build up as the artist attempts to capture her subject can display character, process of investigation, and interest.
Lines can loop closed around a shape and have no end-points (outline), or at the ends they can be flared, frayed, splayed, rounded, tapered, or cut off at any angle.
Lines divide the space and volume they are in. At the same time, they can unite and tie elements together. Lines can be implied, edges of two areas of color that touch sort of form a line but it is technically an edge. These implied lines can direct the viewers eyes in the direction that they lead to.